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Hello and welcome to round two of the third season of "Scholastic Scrimmage" here on WQLN PBS.

I'm your host, Glenn Holland.

The match will have two halves with a lightning round midway through each half.

We'll get to know the students a little bit better at halftime.

As a reminder, "Scholastic Scrimmage" is a game that requires rapid recall of specific factual information and is not indicative of academic training.

Time for the first toss-up.

Buzzers ready.

Here we go.

What man, who was the first person ever to resign from the Soviet Politburo, defeated Nikolai Ryzhkov in 1991 in Russia's first presidential election?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] That was Boris Yeltsin.

Toss-up.

What man stated that a certain line segment sweeps out equal areas in equal times, and that orbits are elliptical, in his laws of planetary motion?

[bell dings] Cranberry, Dane.

Kepler.

That's right, Johannes Kepler.

Here's your bonus.

The Vaal is a major tributary of what colorfully named river that forms part of the border between Namibia and South Africa?

[light music] Is it White?

[light music] White Nile.

No, it's the Orange River.

[light music] Toss-up.

What prehistoric period, whose late portion names a civilizational collapse of the 12th century BC, occurred between the Stone Age and Iron Age?

[bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

The Bronze Age.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

Ukraine has accused Russia of planning what alliteratively-named attacks in which a country blames another nation for an act they commit?

False flag.

That is correct.

Toss-up.

What city, which contains the glass making island of Murano, is home to the Rialto Bridge and the Bridge of Sighs, which both cross its many canals?

[bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

Venice.

That is correct.

Here's your bonus.

What American author published the 1856 collection The Piazza Tales, which includes a novella about a slave revolt titled "Benito Cereno"?

[light music] Messiah.

No, it was Herman Melville.

Toss-up.

In what state was architect Rex Heuermann arrested in 2023 after being linked to the murder of four women discovered on Gilgo Bridge in Long Island?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] That was New York State.

Toss-up.

Pencil and paper ready.

What is the arithmetic mean of the four numbers 13, -3, 6 and 8, given it is their sum divided by four?

[bell dinging] Cranberry, Dane.

Six.

Correct.

Here's your bonus.

Don Henley is a founding member of what rock band behind such hits as "Take It Easy", "Desperado", and "Hotel California"?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] Eagles.

No, I'm sorry.

Yes, it is The Eagles, but you were over the limit.

Toss-up.

What country, which was the location of the prison S-21, was the site of the killing fields of Pol Pot [bell dinging] during the reign Titusville, Aden.

Cambodia.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

What scalar quantity, which equals the square root of the bulk modulus over density, is found in the denominator of the formula for the Mach number?

[light music] It's what?

Speed of light.

No, I'm afraid it's the speed of sound.

[light music] Toss-up.

What philosophical concept, the subject of Plato's Theaetetus, has been defined as justified true belief and is studied by the field of epistemology?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] That philosophical concept is knowledge.

Toss-up.

What author of the play The Skin of Our Teeth depicted small-town American life in Grover's Corners, New Hampshire, in his play Our Town?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] That is Thornton Wilder.

[bell ringing] And that means it is time for our first lightning round.

[upbeat music] [electricity crackling] Cranberry, you have the right of choice on topics.

Your two topics are Primes and A in US Geography.

What are you thinking?

I'm thinking A.

A in US Geography.

Okay.

Give these geographical answers that begin with the letter A.

State known as the Cotton State.

Alabama.

Correct.

Alaska's most populous city.

Anchorage.

Anchorage.

Correct.

Mountain range whose subranges include the Blue Ridge Mountains.

Appalachian.

Correct.

Texas city that hosts the South by Southwest Festival.

Austin.

Correct.

Utah National Park whose delicate landform appears on state license plate.

[energetic music] Pass.

River that flows through Tulsa and Wichita.

[energetic music] Pass.

State with public university campuses in Tucson and Tempe.

Arkansas.

I'm sorry?

Arkansas.

No, it's Arizona.

Most populous city in New Mexico.

Albuquerque.

Correct.

Island chain whose Attu and Kiska were occupied by the Japanese in World War II.

[buzzer buzzes] That is the Aleutian Islands.

The river that flows through Tulsa and Wichita is the Arkansas.

Which is spelled the same way as Arkansas, but go figure.

All right, Titusville, your topic is Primes.

Answer the following about prime numbers.

The only even prime.

Two.

Two.

Correct.

Class of integers past 1 that are not prime.

Composites.

Correct.

Greek mathematician whose theorem says that there are infinitely many primes.

Pass.

Theorem that integers past 1 can be factored into primes.

[energetic music] Pass.

Smallest three-digit prime.

111.

No, it's 101.

Unproven hypothesis about the distribution of primes, a Millennium Prize Problem.

Twin prime.

No, it's the Riemann hypothesis.

Name for primes that differ by 2.

Twin primes.

Correct.

Type of prime that's one less than a power of two.

Pass.

French mathematician whose little theorem concerns primes.

Pass.

Conjecture that even numbers [buzzer buzzes] larger than two are the sum of two primes.

That's Goldbach's Conjecture.

And we were looking for Pierre de Fermat's theorem.

So we now go back to our regular competition with this toss-up.

Pencil and paper ready.

What is the combined weight, in pounds, of three identical bricks, if five such bricks have a total weight of 20 pounds?

[light music] [bell dinging] Titusville, Preston.

12 pounds.

Correct.

Here is your bonus.

The rusting of iron is an example of what kind of reaction in which a species loses electrons?

Oxidation.

That is correct.

Toss-up.

What state, which contains the eastern part of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, is home to Duke University and the city of Charlotte?

[bell dinging] Cranberry, Connor.

North Carolina.

That's correct.

Here's your bonus.

What English author described enchanted fruit sold by sinister beings in her 1862 poem "Goblin Market", and was the sister of artist Dante Gabriel?

[light music] We know her last name is probably Mary?

Mary Gabriel.

No, it is Christina Rossetti.

Toss-up.

What case, in which William Jennings Bryan was asked about biblical morality by Clarence Darrow, saw a Tennessee man convicted of teaching evolution?

[bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

The Scopes Monkey Trial.

That is right.

Here is your bonus.

What former president, who took office after Zachary Taylor died, ran as the Know-Nothing candidate in the election of 1856?

James Buchanan.

No, it was Millard Fillmore.

Toss-up.

What particles, which were discovered via deep inelastic scattering, form [bell dinging] Titusville, JD.

Quarks.

That is correct.

Hadn't even gotten to the question, but that's correct.

Here's your bonus.

Alfalfa and apples are examples of what type of plant defined as one that can live for three or more years?

[light music] Perennial.

That is correct.

You'd think that would be more than three years, but it's three years.

Toss-up.

What island lies west of Sulawesi and north of the Java Sea, and is divided between the three countries of Brunei [bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

Borneo.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

What English artist showed a recently married couple in Mr. And Mrs. Andrews and painted a child dressed in the title color in The Blue Boy?

[light music] Michelangelo.

No.

Thomas Gainsborough.

Toss-up.

What center, who lost in the 1993 Stanley Cup Finals while leading the Los Angeles Kings, is the NHL's all-time leader in both assist and goals?

[light music] [bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

Wayne Gretzky.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

In 2015, the Department of the Interior changed the name of Mount McKinley, giving it what name from an Athabascan word meaning the tall one?

Denali.

That's correct.

It's also what they call me.

Toss-up.

What state was governed by segregationist Orval Faubus when, in 1957, nine students attempted to integrate its Central High School in Little Rock?

[bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

Arkansas.

That is correct.

Here's your bonus.

What name was shared by two Roman senators, the elder of whom repeatedly said, "Carthago delenda est" before the Third Punic War?

Cato.

That is correct.

That was Marcus Porcius Cato.

Cato the Elder.

Toss-up.

What seven letter adjective denotes reproductive processes such as parthenogenesis and budding, which create identical offspring with only one parent?

[bell dinging] Cranberry, Connor.

Mitosis.

No.

Titusville?

[light music] Cloning.

No, it's asexual is the specific term we're looking for.

Toss-up.

What body, chaired in August, 2023, by Linda Thomas-Greenfield is tasked with preserving international peace and has five permanent members with vetoes?

[bell dinging] Titusville, JD.

The United Nations.

That is, I need more than that.

The United Nations Security Council.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

What English poet wrote, "I hope to see my Pilot face to face" in "Crossing the Bar", which he wanted to be the last piece in all collections of his poems?

[light music] What's that guy?

[buzzer buzzes] That was Alfred Lord Tennyson.

[bell ringing] And that is our buzzer, signaling the end of the first half.

The score is Titusville with 180 points and Cranberry with 75.

Let's take a moment to get to know our contestants a little bit better.

[upbeat music] I'm Charlotte.

I'm in 10th grade at Titusville High School.

And if I could have any superpower, I would wanna have invisibility.

Hi, I'm Aden.

I am a junior at Titusville High school.

And if I could have one superpower, I think it would be teleportation.

Hi, my name's Preston.

I'm a senior at Titusville Senior High School.

And if I could have any superpower, it would be omniscience.

Hi, I'm JD.

I'm a senior at Titusville High School.

And if I could have any superpower, it would probably be time travel.

My name is Jordan.

I'm a junior at Cranberry High School.

And if I could have any superpower, I'd have super speed.

Hi, my name is Dane.

I'm a junior at Cranberry High School.

And if I could have any superpower, I'd wanna be able to fly.

My name is Connor.

I am in 10th grade at Cranberry High School.

And if I could have any superpower, it'd be time travel.

My name is Alaina.

I'm a senior at Cranberry High School.

And if I could have any superpower, it would be teleportation.

We are back for our second half.

Buzzers ready.

Here's the first toss-up.

What novel, in which the wealthy child Amir witnesses the assault of his servant's son as they play with the title object, is by Khaled Hosseini?

[light music] [bell dinging] Titusville, JD.

"The Kite Runner".

Correct.

Here's your bonus.

In what Midwestern city were anarchists like August Spies arrested after an 1886 bombing during a labor protest in Haymarket Square on its West Side?

Chicago.

That is correct.

Toss-up.

What state, which is the setting of the movies "50 First Dates" and "The Descendants" was a kingdom until 1893 and contains the island of Oahu?

[bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

Hawaii.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

Eskolaite is a rare ore of what transition metal highly resistant to tarnishing whose name refers to its brightly-colored compounds?

[light music] Cobalt.

No, it's chromium.

Toss-up.

What Senator, who left a woman to drown during the Chappaquiddick incident, represented Massachusetts and was the brother of a former president?

[light music] [bell dinging] Titusville, JD.

Thomas Kennedy.

I'm sorry?

Or Ted Kennedy.

Correct.

Ted Kennedy.

Your bonus.

What article of the constitution contains the Full Faith and Credit Clause and outlines relations between the federal government and the states?

[light music] Article One.

No, it's Article Four.

Toss-up.

What photographer whose wartime assistant was named Alexander Gardner took over 10,000 photos capturing the reality of the Civil War's battlefields?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] The photographer was Matthew Brady.

Toss-up.

What organelles, which contain membrane-bound structures called thylakoids, where light-dependent reactions occur are the site of photosynthesis?

[bell dinging] Cranberry, Dane.

Chloroplast.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

In 1879, Britain fought the Battle of Isandlwana against what African empire, which triggered the mfecane during its rise in the early 19th century?

[light music] Golly.

No, it was the Zulu Empire.

Toss-up.

What author was interrupted by a person from Porlock while writing a poem about a pleasure dome built in Xanadu by the title emperor, Kubla Khan?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] The poet there was Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

Toss-up.

What name is shared by a king known as Bluetooth, a Norse king who lost the battle of Stamford Bridge, and the Anglo-Saxon king who died at Hastings?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] Their common name is Harold.

Harold Bluetooth, Harold Godwinson, and Harold, who's also Harold II of England.

Toss-up.

What sitcom, in which Dr. Leo Spaceman gives dubious medical care to Tracy Jordan and NBC Sketch comedy writer Liz Lemon, was created by Tina Fey?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] That was "30 Rock", based on Tina Fey's experiences at "Saturday Night Live".

Toss-up.

What painting, whose setting is a road in Ekeberg, depicts a tumultuous orange sky behind an agonized figure covering his ears [bell dinging] Cranberry, Dane.

The Scream.

That's correct.

The Scream by Edvard Munch.

Bonus.

Pencil and paper ready.

What is the discriminant of the quadratic polynomial 2x squared minus 5x plus 3, found by evaluating B squared minus 4ac?

[light music] One.

One.

One.

That is correct.

[bell ringing] That sound tells us it's time for the lightning round.

[upbeat music] [electricity crackling] Titusville, you have first choice, and these are your two choices.

Bestselling Albums Since 2000, and Vowels.

Vowels.

How about that?

Vowels.

Vowels.

Give these vowels.

Some answers will repeat because there are only so many vowels.

Letter that begins Canada's national anthem.

O.

Correct.

Vowel that ends most Spanish feminine nouns.

A.

Correct.

Transcendental number that is approximately 2.718.

E. Correct.

Prefix meaning descendant, found at the beginning of many Irish surnames.

O.

Correct.

Largest vowel on Snellen charts used by eye doctors.

E. Correct.

Universal donor blood type.

O.

Correct.

Major scale whose key signature has four sharps.

[energetic music] A.

No, it's E. Represents current in Ohm's Law.

I.

Correct.

Burmese honorific that precedes Thant in the name of a UN Secretary General.

Pass.

Vowel in the Welsh word cwm and crwth that is a consonant in English.

[energetic music] Y.

No, it's W. Burmese honorific that precedes Thant in the [buzzer buzzes] That is U.

The UN Secretary General is U Thant.

Cranberry, your category is Bestselling Albums Since 2000.

Name the singer or band whose albums include "21", which opens with "Rolling in the Deep".

Adele.

Correct.

"The Marshall Mathers LP", which contains "The Real Slim Shady".

Eminem.

Correct.

"American Idiot", which has songs by Billie Joe Armstrong.

Pass.

"The Greatest Hits Album One", which contains "Hey, Jude".

[energetic music] Pass.

Pass.

"Oops, I Did it Again", the follow-up to "Baby, One More Time".

Britney Spears.

Correct.

"A Rush of Blood to the Head" and "X and Y".

[energetic music] Pass.

"Doo-Wops and Hooligans", which contains "Just the Way You Are".

Bruno Mars.

Correct.

"Back to Black", which contains "Rehab".

AC/DC.

I'm sorry?

AC/DC.

[energetic music] It's Amy Winehouse.

"Let Go", which contains the pop-punk song, "Sk8er Boi".

Pass.

"Fallen", which contains "Bring Me to Life".

Pass.

[buzzer buzzes] The "Let Go" is Avril Lavigne, "American idiot" is Green Day.

And we are back to regular competition with this toss-up.

What process, which heats then rapidly cools a liquid to kill bacteria is named for its French inventor [bell dinging] Titusville, JD.

Pasteurization.

Correct.

Here is your bonus.

What Whig politician, who rose to power after the South Sea bubble burst, is generally considered to have been Britain's first prime minister?

[light music] Guess.

William Pitt, the younger.

No, that is Sir Robert Walpole.

Toss-up.

What military leader, who had a scandalous affair with Lady Hamilton, was commanding the HMS Victory in 1805 when he died at the Battle of Trafalgar?

[bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

Nelson.

Yes.

Horatio Lord Nelson.

Here is your bonus.

What performers, one of whom names a Giuseppe Verdi opera, were originally medieval composers and singers of lyric poetry, especially of courtly love?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] The performers were troubadours and the opera is Il trovatore.

Toss-up.

What character, whose bounty is as boundless as the sea is courted by Paris, has a cousin named Tybalt, and is the star-crossed lover of [bell dinging] Cranberry, Connor.

Romeo.

I am afraid not.

Titusville, character is courted by Paris, has a cousin named Tybalt, and is the star-crossed lover of Romeo.

Juliet.

Correct.

Here's your bonus.

In July, 2023, Michigan filed forgery charges against 16 people who falsely claimed to have served in what role on December 14th, 2020?

Election certifier.

No, they false claimed to be presidential electors.

Toss-up.

What beings, described in the Theogony as divine craftsmen who forged Zeus's thunderbolts, included Polyphemus and were notable for having one eye?

[bell dinging] Cranberry, Dane.

Cyclops.

That is correct.

Here's your bonus.

In the "Harry Potter" series, Hufflepuff's cup and Ravenclaw's diadem were examples of what magical objects that each held a fragment of Voldemort's soul?

Horcruxes.

Horcruxes.

Horcruxes.

That is correct.

Toss-up.

What state, which in 2019 launched an anti-drug campaign called "Meth.

We're on it" is governed by mark mandate opponent Kristi Noem from Pierre?

[bell dinging] Titusville, Aden.

South Dakota.

That is correct.

Here's your bonus.

What comic book character, who became Batman's partner in the 2018 Damned storyline, is an exorcist from Liverpool who was played on TV by Matt Ryan?

[light music] Robin.

No, it's John Constantine.

Toss-up.

What force, which is generated by a difference in pressure on the two sides of an airfoil, opposes the weight of an airplane to keep it in the air?

[bell dinging] Cranberry, Dane.

Lift.

That is correct.

Here is your bonus.

What German mathematician presented 23 unsolved problems for research in the 20th century and is the namesake of a paradox about an infinite hotel?

[light music] Oh crap.

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] That is David Hilbert.

Toss-up.

What novel, in which Sydelle Pulaski sings "America the Beautiful" at a gathering of 16 heirs, was written by Ellen Raskin about a peculiar competition?

[light music] [buzzer buzzes] That novel is "The Westing Game".

[bell ringing] [upbeat music] Cranberry, your score is 170.

Great job during the matchup and good luck with the rest of your academic year.

Congratulations to Titusville, with a score of 325, you will be potentially moving on.

Since we have three semi-final games, the two highest scores of those games will be moving on to the championship game.

I'm Glenn Holland.

Please join us again for the rest of our competition.

[upbeat music]